About ctenopharyngodon idella steve kantner, the land captain, hefts grass. Ctenopharyngodon idella is a native chinese freshwater fish with a widespread distribution. This page was last edited on 16 january 2020, at 01. An 8 weeks growth study was conducted to estimate the optimal feeding rate for juvenile grass carp 3. Ctenopharyngodon idellos valenciennes, 1844 synonym ctenopharyngodon idellus valenciennes, 1844 synonym ctenopharyngodon laticeps steindachner, 1866 synonym leuciscus idella valenciennes, 1844 synonym. Food preference and growth of grass carp, ctenopharyngodon idella cuvier and valenciennes, 1844 fed some aquatic and terrestrial plants. Fry consume planktonic crustaceans, rotifers, and insect larvae, while adults are completely vegetarian.
Expression analysis of ciil34 after infection of f. Biology and management of grass carp ctenopharyngodon. Functional characterisation of interleukin 34 in grass. Files are available under licenses specified on their description page. Grass carp, ctenopharyngodon idella valenciennes 1844, is an herbivorous fish species native to eastern asia. The grass carp, ctenopharyngodon idella cuvier and valenciennes, was imported to the us in 1963 as a biological control agent for hydrilla hydrilla. The grass carp, ctenopharyngodon idella cuvier and valenciennes, was imported to the u. When temperatures decrease, deeper waters are used. In this study, we cloned and characterized the cdna sequence of janus kinase 2 jak2 from ctenopharyngodon idella. Ctenopharyngodon idella stat3 alleviates autophagy by up. Escapees and intentionally stocked individuals founded wild, spawning populations in the mississippi river and tributaries to the laurentian great lakes. Novel chlamydiales associated with epitheliocystis in. Dietary ketoglutarate supplementation alleviates harmful.
Ctenopharyngodon idella feed on a wide range of aquatic vegetation, and are capable of consuming 40300% of their body mass per day of plant material depending on their age and size. Food preference and growth of grass carp, ctenopharyngodon idella. To test the hypothesis, 270 healthy grass carp ctenopharyngodon idella juveniles were randomly assigned to control, hea 18. Enuinduced mutagenesis in grass carp ctenopharyngodon. Presently, epitheliocystis has been reported in more than 50 species of freshwater, marine and wild fish species worldwide nowak and. Novel chlamydiales associated with epitheliocystis in grass. This asian carp is the only species of the genus ctenopharyngodon.
In their native habitat, grass carp typically reach weights of 3036 kg, but fish have been reported up to 181 kg. Ctenopharyngodon steindachner, 1866 grass carps species ctenopharyngodon idella valenciennes in cuvier and valenciennes, 1844 grass carp, silver orfe, carpa herbivora. The grass carp, ctenopharyngodon idella cuvier and valenciennes, was imported to the us in 1963 as a biological control agent for hydrilla hydrilla verticilliata l. Transcriptome data analysis of grass carp ctenopharyngodon idella infected by reovirus provides insights into two. Smith 1983 synopsis of biological data on the grass carp, ctenopharyngodon idella cuvier and valenciennes, 1884. See methods for details regarding data used to create maps, definitions of reproducing and reported and shading of hucs and states. Pdf biological synopsis of grass carp ctenopharyngodon idella. Both the goldfish carassius auratus and the common carp cyprinus carpio differ from ctenopharyngodon idella in having a long dorsal fin, deeper body, and spinous rays in the dorsal and anal fins. Ctenopharyngodon synonyms, ctenopharyngodon pronunciation, ctenopharyngodon translation, english dictionary definition of ctenopharyngodon. Evidence of grass carp ctenopharyngodon idella reproduction in the illinois and upper mississippi rivers.
Frontiers jak2 mediates the regulation of pept1 expression. The asiatic grass carp is a herbivorous fish which is being bred and extensively cultured for food in russia and eastern europe. In some countries, the grass carp is an integral part of fish culture and forms an important source of protein for human. Ctenopharyngodon idella identification the grass carp is a relatively large fish that possesses a similar body structure common to other carp species. Grass carp ctenopharyngodon idella is a large cyprinid introduced worldwide as a biological control of aquatic vegetation as well. Grass carp definition is an herbivorous cyprinid fish ctenopharyngodon idella of eastern asia that has been introduced elsewhere to control aquatic weeds called also white amur.
In grass carp ctenopharyngodon idella, lpsinduced autophagy is involved in the release of proinflammatory cytokines. All structured data from the file and property namespaces is available under the creative commons cc0 license. It is an herbivorous freshwater fish of great commercial value and is extensively cultivated in eastern asia for food. Biology and management of grass carp ctenopharyngodon idella, cyprinidae for vegetation control. Expression analysis showed that the citnfrsf25 was differentially. An ctenopharyngodon idella in nahilalakip ha genus nga ctenopharyngodon, ngan familia nga cyprinidae. Comparative study of proximate composition and mineral contents in ctenopharyngoden idella and rita rita collected from river chenab. Oligopeptide transporter 1 pept1 is located on the brush border membrane of the intestinal epithelium and plays an important role in dipeptide and tripeptide absorption from protein digestion. Growth and maturation of the grass carp, ctenopharyngodon idella, in uzbekistan. In the present study, we systematically identified and characterized tolllike receptors tlrs, retinoic acidinducible gene i rigilike receptors rlrs as well as their adaptors in grass carp ctenopharyngodon idella. Current level of understanding on the biology and ecology of grass carp.
In the usa, it has been recorded in 45 states and is known to have established populations in at least eight states in the mississippi river basin ramussen, 2000a. This asian carp is the only species of the genus ctenopharyngodon it is cultivated in china for food, but was introduced in europe and the united states for aquatic. While every effort has been made to provide the most reliable and uptodate information available, ultimate legal requirements with respect to species are contained in. In britain where freshwater fish are seldom eaten, apart from eels. Grass carp ctenopharyngodon idella inhabit subtropical and temperate climates and prefer in large rivers, lakes, and reservoirs with abundant vegetation and relatively shallow waters. The draft genome of the grass carp ctenopharyngodon. Invasive grass carp ctenopharyngodon idella, native to eastern china and eastern russia, threaten the waters of the state of michigan. A large silvery cyprinid fish native to siberia and china that feeds on vegetation and has been widely introduced to control aquatic weeds. The results derived from the 3d fuzzy surface graph are basically the same as the field measured data, so the fuzzy logicbased. Actinopterygii rayfinned fishes cypriniformes carps cyprinidae minnows or carps squaliobarbinae etymology. Nethylnnitrosourea enu mutagenesis is a useful approach for genetic improvement of plants, as well as for inducing functional mutants in animal models including mice and zebrafish.
Fish were fed with a casein purified diet 360 g protein, 56 g lipid and 3000 kcal total energykg dry diet at six feeding rates. Each feeding rate was randomly assigned to three tanks. Grass carp ctenopharyngodon idella was imported to the united states in the 1960s for research into its usefulness as a biocontrol agent for nuisance aquatic vegetation. Cultured grass carp may grow up fast reaching up to 1 kg in the first year, growing approximately 23 kg. In general, the generation of autophagy is always accompanied by the change of apoptosis, and the occurrence of apoptosis is often accompanied by the decreased of cell viability. Abstract grass carp ctenopharyngodon idella is an exotic species which was imported into the united states in 1963 to control aquatic vegetation. This asian carp is the only species of the genus ctenopharyngodon it is cultivated in china for food, but was introduced in europe and the. Snout very short, its length less than or equal to eye diameter. They have not been reported as introduced to alaska, maine, montana, rhode island, or vermont. Muhammad asrar, mubashra tabasum, khizar samiullah, syed makhdoom hussain, muhammad samee mubarik, riffat yasin, shaheen fatima, abdul rauf, shakeela naz, mahpara gilani, muhammad tayyab key words. The grass carp ctenopharyngodon idella is an important cultured freshwater. The grass carp is native to rivers of eastern asia, from the amur river of far eastern russia and china, south to the west river of southern china shireman and smith, 1983. Main producer countries of ctenopharyngodon idellus fao fishery statistics, 2006 habitat and biology grass carp is a native chinese freshwater fish with a broad distribution from the catchment area of the pearl river in southern china to that of the heilongjiang river in northern china.
The influence of feeding rate on growth, feed efficiency. Biology and management of grass carp ctenopharyngodon idella. The present project was carried out to study the effects of acute and chronic mercury intoxication in grass carp ctenopharyngodon idella. The intestinal microflora of carp cyprinus carpio, grass carp ctenopharyngodon idella and tilapia sarotherodon niloticus.
Epitheliocystis is an infectious disease in freshwater and marine fish species throughout the world. The intestinal microflora of carp cyprinus carpio, grass. To access spatial data for this species, please click the spatial data tab and then click the file and file format you wish to download. Diagnosed from rather similar species mylopharyngodon piceus by having the following characters. The expression patterns of jak2 in various tissues and developmental stages were. Grass carp have been recorded in 45 states in the u. Efficiency of grass carp ctenopharyngodon idella val.
Pattern recognition receptors in grass carp ctenopharyngodon. It affects the gills and skin epithelium and is characterised by the presence of hypertrophied cells, which contain granular inclusions nowak and lapatra 2006. Adult grass carp prefer to eat hydrilla compared to all other aquatic. Migration of the white amur, ctenopharyngodon idella, and silver carp, hypophthalmichthys molitrix, in the amur river basin. Grass carp ctenopharyngodon idella detected in michigan. Pattern recognition receptors prrs play indispensable roles in the immune responses against invading pathogens. Identification and modulation of expression of a tnf receptor. Movements of grass carp, ctenopharyngodon idella, in an open reservoir system as described by radiotelemetry. Invasive species ctenopharyngodon idella watch list prohibited in michigan grass carp have large scales that appear crosshatched and eyes that sit even with the mouth. Five isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets were formulated to replace sbm by fbm protein at 0, 150, 300, 450 and 600. Ctenopharyngodon idella cuvier and valenciennes actinopterygii.
Ctenopharyngodon idella it is most suitable for adult c. Importance of grass carp ctenopharyngodon idella for. Current management options for grass carp in michigan. In the present study, an orthologue of tnfrsf25 termed citnfrsf25 was identified in grass carp ctenopharyngodon idella. They are tolerant of a range of conditions may inhabit temperatures of 033 c, oxygen levels as low as 0. Ctenopharyngodon definition of ctenopharyngodon by the free.
Pdf grass carp ctenopharyngodon idella has been introduced worldwide from its native range in eastern asia. The grass carp ctenopharyngodon idellaisoneof the largest members of the family cyprinidae 20,21. Outside asia, grass carp have been widely stocked for the control of aquatic vegetation, as adults grow up to a meter in length and consume up to 40% of their body mass in vegetation per day usfws, 2004. An il34 homologue was identified in grass carp ctenopharyngodon idella the ciil34 is upregulated during infection of flavobacterium columnare and spring viraemia of carp virus the ciil34 is upregulated in head kidney macrophages by il4b. The grass carp, ctenopharyngodon idella, one of the 4 asian carp species present in the us, is one of the largest members of the minnow family. In the present study, an orthologue of tnfrsf25 termed citnfrsf25 was identified in grass carp ctenopharyngodon idella and its phylogenetic relationship with other known tnfrsf25s were determined.
Updated 20032015 biological synopsis of grass carp ctenopharyngodon idella. Grass carp consume massive amounts of aquatic vegetation. Presently, epitheliocystis has been reported in more than 50 species of freshwater, marine and wild fish. This species has been introduced into more than 50 countries throughout the world for aquatic weed control and aquaculture. Efficacy experiments were conducted in florida in the 1970s by the united states department of agriculture and the university of florida. Suprotective roles of grass carp ctenopharyngodon idella mx isoforms against grass carp.
Transactions of the american fisheries society 107. Main producer countries of ctenopharyngodon idellus fao fishery statistics, 2006 habitat and biology grass carp is a native chinese freshwater fish with a broad distribution from the catchment area of the pearl river in southern china to that of. Ctenopharyngodon laticeps steindachner, 1866 leuciscus tschiliensis basilewsky, 1855. The grass carp is known for eliminating aquatic vegetation in ponds and areas in which they are exposed. Text is available under the creative commons attributionsharealike license. The gut contents of grass carp, ctenopharyngodon idella, during nursing in an earthen pond. Canadian manuscript report of fisheries and aquatic sciences. The grass carp ctenopharyngodon idella is a large herbivorous freshwater fish species of the family cyprinidae native to eastern asia, with an original range from northern vietnam to the amur river on the siberiachina border. Ctenopharyngodon idella encyclopedia of puget sound.
Download pdf 422k download meta ris compatible with endnote, reference manager, procite, refworks bib tex compatible with bibdesk, latex text. Identification and modulation of expression of a tnf. The grass carp is an important farmed fish, accounting for. They can reach lengths of more than 5 feet and weigh more than 80 lbs. Developmental stages of grass carp ctenopharyngodon. We have been collecting grass carp in the illinois river since 1990, and some of our associates have also. Ammonia and free amino acid content in plasma and brain, liver glutamic pyruvic transaminase and glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase activity, and urea and. The sox gene family is found in a broad range of animal taxa and encodes important gene regulatory proteins involved in a variety of developmental processes. Convergence in morphology and masticatory function between. For acute phase experiment, 48 fish were divided into. An ctenopharyngodon idella in uska species han actinopterygii nga syahan ginhulagway ni achille valenciennes hadton 1844. The grass carp ctenopharyngodon idella is a large herbivorous freshwater fish species of the family cyprinidae native to eastern asia, with an original range from northern vietnam to the amur river on the siberia china border.
This puts grass carp in direct competition with native fish, waterfowl, and invertebrate species. Successful reproduction is a function of temperature, agesize, and water conditions. Individuals escaped from ponds and subsequently spread into streams in the mississippi river basin. Preferred habitat for grass carp are quiet, shallow waters. Grass carp are tolerant to low levels of salinity, so they may occasionally. Itis taxonomy is based on the latest scientific consensus available, and is provided as a general reference source for interested parties. Grass carp ctenopharyngodon idella species profile.
Grass carp ctenopharyngodon idella has the potential to cause great ecological. The expression patterns of jak2 in various tissues and. The draft genome of the grass carp ctenopharyngodon idellus. Sox genes in grass carp ctenopharyngodon idella with. Comparative study of proximate composition and mineral. Five isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets were formulated to replace sbm by fbm protein at 0, 150, 300, 450 and 600 g kg.
Functional characterisation of interleukin 34 in grass carp. Biological synopsis of grass carp ctenopharyngodon idella. However, it is not a legal authority for statutory or regulatory purposes. Squaliobarbinae 4 adults the maximum length of a grass carp is 4. Grass carp ctenopharyngodon idella has been introduced. Water free fulltext analysis of an ecological flow. The grass carp is one of the largest members of the family cyprinidae. The body is oblong with moderately large scales, while the head has no scales. Grass carp definition of grass carp by merriamwebster. The grass carp ctenopharyngodon idella is one of the most important farmed fish species in china, with a cultural history dating back to the 7th century ce tang dynasty 6. In the present study, mature sperm of grass carp ctenopharyngodon idellus were treated with a range of enu concentrations for 45 min, and then wildtype eggs were fertilized. We have obtained clones representing the hmg boxes of twelve sox genes from grass carp ctenopharyngodon idella, one of the four major domestic carps in china.
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